Liam O'Connell
- -2025-06-29
The tiny semiconductor has become the new frontline in a global geopolitical struggle. This article examines the extreme fragility of the global chip supply chain, the escalating tensions between major world powers, and the multi-billion-dollar race to achieve national semiconductor self-sufficiency.
Semiconductors are the brains of all modern electronics, from smartphones and cars to data centers and military hardware. Yet, their production is one of the most complex and geographically concentrated manufacturing processes on Earth. The most advanced chips are almost exclusively made in Taiwan, creating a critical single point of failure for the entire global economy. This vulnerability was exposed during the recent chip shortage, which halted production lines worldwide.
Recognizing this strategic vulnerability, nations are now treating chip manufacturing as a matter of national security. The United States has passed the CHIPS Act to pour billions into rebuilding its domestic manufacturing capabilities. China is investing even more in its effort to close the technology gap and reduce its reliance on foreign chips. This has turned the industry into a geopolitical chessboard, with control over the supply chain representing immense economic and military power.
The voracious computational demands of AI and other modern workloads have pushed general-purpose CPUs to their limits. This has ushered in a golden age of specialized silicon, with custom-designed chips like GPUs, TPUs, and ASICs delivering massive performance gains for specific tasks.
For 50 years, Moore's Law—the doubling of transistors on a chip every two years—has driven the digital revolution. Now, as we hit the physical limits of silicon, its end is being declared. This blog explains why traditional scaling is over and explores the innovative new techniques, like 3D stacking and chiplets, that will continue to drive computing performance forward.
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